Unit Test Service Layer

Unit Testing Service Layer with Mockito

Overview

Provides patterns for unit testing @Service classes using Mockito. Mocks repository calls, verifies method invocations, tests exception scenarios, and stubs external API responses. Enables fast, isolated tests without Spring container or database.

When to Use

• Testing business logic in @Service classes
• Mocking repository and external client dependencies
• Verifying service interactions with mocked collaborators
• Testing error handling and edge cases in services
• Writing fast, isolated unit tests (no database, no API calls)

Instructions

Follow this workflow to test service layer with Mockito, including validation checkpoints:

1. Setup Test Class

Use @ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class) to enable Mockito annotations.

2. Declare Mocks with @Mock and @InjectMocks

Use @Mock for dependencies (repositories, clients) and @InjectMocks for the service under test.

3. Arrange-Act-Assert with Validation

Arrange: Create test data and configure mock return values using when().thenReturn().

Act: Execute the service method being tested.